Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB for short) are bacteria that use light energy to perform non-oxygenic photosynthesis. During their reproduction process, PSB can use small organic molecules, sulfides, ammonia, and other compounds as a source of hydrogen and carbon. They can also use dissolved nitrogen in water environments as a source of nitrogen to synthesize organic nitrogen compounds. PSB can consume small organic molecules, ammonium, nitrates, and nitrites in water, thereby playing a role in purifying water quality. PSB has strong adaptability and can tolerate high concentrations of organic wastewater. They also have a certain ability to tolerate and decompose toxic substances such as phenols and cyanides. PSB possess strong decomposition and transformation capabilities, making them valuable for non-polluting aquaculture.
In high-density aquaculture, the water contains a large amount of fish feces, leftovers, and residues from fish medicine. The resulting ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and some harmful substances directly pollute the water and sediment. Mild pollution can cause discomfort to fish, increase feed conversion ratios, and slow growth. In severe cases, it can lead to fish poisoning and death. Eutrophication of the water can also breed large amounts of pathogenic microorganisms, causing fish to become infected and sick. PSB can effectively absorb harmful substances such as ammonia, nitrogen and hydrogen sulfide in water when the bottom of the water body is hypoxic. After forming a dominant population, PSB can also inhibit the growth of other pathogenic bacteria, thus purifying water quality and promoting the healthy growth of fish.
Various microorganisms exist in aquaculture water; some are beneficial, some are harmful, and some are in an intermediate state called "conditionally pathogenic microorganisms." Under normal conditions, these microorganisms do not cause disease, but when water quality is polluted and fish immune function is weakened, they breed massively and harm fish. Using PSB to prevent fish diseases can completely overcome the drawbacks of disinfectants. PSB can not only degrade or remove harmful chemicals in the water, including fish medicine but also compete with pathogenic microorganisms for nutrients and space, preventing them from growing and reproducing in large numbers. This helps maintain the microecological water balance and reduces fish diseases.
The cellular nutrition of PSB is rich, making it a high-quality bait for planktonic animals. The practice has shown that the more PSB there are in the water, the more vigorously the planktonic animals grow, and the more obvious the increase in fish production that feed on planktonic animals.
The cellular nutrition of PSB is rich, and it contains a large amount of physiologically active substances. PSB can be directly mixed into feed and fed to animals. This increases nutrition, reduces the feed conversion ratio, stimulates the animal's immune system, enhances digestion and disease resistance, and promotes growth.
During the growth and reproduction of PSB, they do not need oxygen or release oxygen. Instead, they indirectly increase the oxygen content by absorbing oxygen-consuming substances in the water.
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