1.Water: South American white shrimp farming do not like fertilizer quality; groundwater should pay attention to low dissolved oxygen, high ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals; groundwater should pay attention to filtration, (60 mesh screen, sedimentation tank, hanging bag disinfection); appropriate use of brackish water; to ensure good into the drainage conditions.
2.Pond: New pond-breeding effect is generally better than the old pond; South American white shrimp is extremely sensitive to ammonia nitrogen, the pond must be completely dredged; sick pond should be considered completely disinfected; can not dredge the pond should be plowed and increased lime The amount of (100-200 kg / mu); shrimp moles when the slow action, easy to eat, it must be resolutely eliminated predators.
3.Water content: water temperature 22-30 ℃, minimum 18 ℃, maximum 34 ℃; salinity 0.2-40 ‰; PH value 7.8-8.6 (minimum not less than 7.3, the maximum is not greater than 9.0); dissolved oxygen 4mg / L or more; Ammonia nitrogen 0.5 mg / l or less; nitrite 0.
1 mg / l or less; water yellowish green, green; transparency 35-45cm; pool hydrogen sulfide concentration of not more than 0.1 mg / L.
4.Fertilizer skills: should understand the composition and content of nutrients (new ponds and old ponds, groundwater and groundwater, mud and sand at the end); use of fertilizer should pay attention to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio balance, nitrogen fertilizer 2ppm + phosphate 0.2ppm (5-10 kg/mu); organic fertilizer must be fermented to reduce the amount of organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer must be used to reduce the amount of fertilizer Oxygen consumption, hanging bags can be used to reduce pollution, fermentation and fertilizer can be used in conjunction with EM bacteria and other microbial agents.
5.water color management: light color (transparency greater than 80cm), sunny day application of ammonia fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer (urea, superphosphate or single cell growth hormone, etc.), the new shrimp pool can be applied organic fertilizer, old shrimp pond and intensive pool only use of disinfectants or chelating copper preparations to kill part of the aging algae; the overall principle of Ningqing not fat.
6.Different water color:brown (diatom-based, farming effect is good, but the stability time is short);Green (green algae-based, more stable, but from green to dark green that has been aging);Dark green (flagella algae and other over-breeding, the need to kill the treatment);Pan white or light red (excessive protozoa should take measures to kill); Blue-green (too much blue algae, produce toxins on the shrimp adverse, should be taken to change the water, the use of Algae Conditioner the best); Milky white or nocturnal light (harmful bacteria over-breeding or too much light bacteria should be taken to disinfection measures); Water is seriously clear (excessive use of disinfectants, moss and other large-scale harmful algae breeding, due to environmental changes caused by a large number of algae death, should change the water or re-fertilizer, kill moss, the use of microbial agents, etc.).
7.Substrate management: lime sterilization, clarify water quality, improve PH, adjust alkalinity, indirect fertilization, shrimp and crab growth must be ion, especially for acidic substrate, alkaline water should pay attention to the amount of water, With or without lime, choose no weathering of fresh lime, about 20 days to use once, the amount of 15-20K per acre; zeolite powder (adsorption of organic matter, inhibition of hydrogen sulfide, adsorption of metal ions, inhibition of water quality eutrophication, and acid , Oxygen, etc., can also use dolomite powder, medical stone powder, requiring more than 65% purity, particle size of 100 or so, the ammonium absorption value of 1mg / g or more, the use of 15-25 kg / mu, the amount of harmless ); Aerobics oxygen, the transformation of harmful toxic substances, effectively improve the environment, the amount is generally 1-2 ppm, liquid products should be applied with a certain device to the bottom of the pool; microbial Sludge Remover, can achieve the desired results.
8.The end of the moss treatment: the formation of the bottom of the moss for the bait, feces, dead algae and microbial deposition, the water temperature rises when the floating, rotting deterioration after deterioration of water quality, induced shrimp; bottom coating treatment, including oxidant spraying At the bottom of the pool, zeolite powder, dolomite powder 10-20kg / mu, a few days later use Sludge Remover.
9.To prevent moss and filamentous algae: the reason is too shallow water, water is too clear; early treatment can be into a small amount of water to induce its germination, and then kill with drugs; preventive measures to maintain water depth (comprehensive consideration gains and losses), to prevent water clear Scientific fertilizer), the use of micro-ecological agents directly even sprinkle well; treatment measures for the use of algae drugs, should first be toxic experiments; kill after the need to remove or use microbial agents such as treatment of the bottom, to avoid rot.
10.PH: low PH value of organic matter is too much, caused by rot, easy to cause gill disease and affect shrimp breathing, mainly with quicklime or lime water (10-15ppm) and other regulation, while strengthening fertilizer; PH value is generally high by the algae Breeding too much or alkaline caused by alkaline itself, easy to cause shrimp molting difficult, loss of appetite, the reaction for the discharge of part of the aging water, and then use zeolite powder (20-30kg / mu), add new water, can also use dichloro Sodium cyanurate, etc. to kill part of the algae, then use zeolite powder, 3-5 days after the use of PH Conditioner.
11.Ammonia nitrogen regulation: ammonia nitrogen is shrimp excrement, bait and other organic matter in the water decomposition of the release of NH3 dissolved in water, ammonia nitrogen content is too high, easily lead to white shrimp tentacles, tail fan redness, severe body Red; ammonia adjustment, including the release of zeolite powder, diatomaceous earth, kaolinite, to adsorb water in the water, to the aquaculture of the water put AN Cleaner, Natural Pond Cleaner, Bacillus Subtilis, and other beneficial microorganisms, the use of microbial degradation of water In the ammonia, add new water, noon open aerator, the rational use of nitrogen and so on.
12.Regulation of sulfide: hydrogen sulfide in the aquaculture water requirements are generally not detected; sulfide can be eliminated by aeration oxygen to oxidation of sulfuric acid (aerator or oxygen); another method is Sludge Remover to the water.
13.Nitrite regulation: the best way to eliminate nitrite in aquaculture water is to put nitrite-containing microbial agents; another approach is to increase the concentration of chloride ions in the water, under normal circumstances, when the water Chloride ion concentration is 6 times the concentration of nitrite, you can inhibit the harm of nitrite on aquaculture organisms.
14.High temperature water quality management: control transparency to maintain a high level, to avoid algae aging in the breeding pool; can take measures to replace the new water, the use of zeolite powder, the appropriate use of disinfectants; recommended disinfection algae program for the first Day use of disinfectant, the next day using zeolite powder 20-25 kg / mu, the fourth day to the fifth day of the use of microbial agents.
15.The regulation of dissolved oxygen: DO content is one of the important indicators to measure the quality of water; increase dissolved oxygen effective way is mechanical oxygen (aerator); in the emergency and can not use the case of aerator, you can use (Dredging, bottoming, stocking density, high quality feed and scientific feeding, micro-ecological preparation - DO Improver).
16.The use of aerator: to increase the dissolved oxygen: to promote the flow of water circulation to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter; to promote the surface and the underlying water exchange, destruction of the reduction layer; to promote the growth of monocytic algae, to maintain environmental stability; pool circulation and sewage; Open, cloudy morning open, shrimp floating head in advance to open, high density all day open; use of microbial agents should be opened when the aerator.
